[ MTLE 2 ] MEDICAL TECHNOLOGISTS LICENSURE EXAMINATION II

MEDICAL TECHNOLOGISTS LICENSURE EXAMINATION Reviewer

Instructions:

Please answer each question to the best of your ability. Each question is multiple choice, and only one answer per question is correct. Select the most appropriate answer from the options provided.

When you have completed all questions, click the "Submit" button at the bottom of the page to see your score. Good luck!

1. A blood specimen is collected for a glucose tolerance test (GTT) after a 12-hour fast. The following results are obtained: fasting glucose 90 mg/dL, 1-hour glucose 210 mg/dL, and 2-hour glucose 140 mg/dL. What is the interpretation of these results?

A) Normal glucose metabolism
B) Impaired glucose tolerance
C) Diabetes mellitus
D) Hypoglycemia

2. A 35-year-old woman presents with symptoms of fever, chills, and night sweats. A peripheral blood smear shows ring forms inside red blood cells. What is the most likely causative organism?

A) Plasmodium falciparum
B) Leishmania donovani
C) Trypanosoma brucei
D) Toxoplasma gondii

3. A patient with a history of hypertension and renal disease presents with a positive urine dipstick for proteinuria. What test would be most appropriate to confirm the presence of albumin in the urine?

A) Benedict's test
B) Microalbuminuria test
C) Glucose oxidase method
D) Sulfosalicylic acid test

4. In a patient with a history of chest pain, an ECG is performed and reveals ST-segment elevation in leads II, III, and aVF. Which coronary artery is most likely involved?

A) Left anterior descending artery
B) Right coronary artery
C) Circumflex artery
D) Left main coronary artery

5. A patient’s blood specimen is sent to the laboratory for a lipid profile. The total cholesterol is 240 mg/dL, HDL is 45 mg/dL, and LDL is 160 mg/dL. What is the interpretation of the patient's lipid profile in terms of cardiovascular risk?

A) High risk for cardiovascular disease
B) Low risk for cardiovascular disease
C) Borderline risk for cardiovascular disease
D) No risk for cardiovascular disease

6. A patient presents with cyanosis and a history of smoking. His blood gas analysis shows a PaO2 of 50 mmHg, a PaCO2 of 38 mmHg, and a pH of 7.45. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
B) Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
C) Chronic hypoxemia
D) Pulmonary embolism

7. Which of the following is the most appropriate method to confirm the diagnosis of tuberculosis in a patient presenting with a persistent cough and night sweats?

A) Chest X-ray
B) Sputum acid-fast bacillus (AFB) smear
C) Mantoux test
D) Complete blood count (CBC)

8. A 45-year-old patient presents with weight loss, excessive thirst, and frequent urination. His fasting glucose is 150 mg/dL. What is the most appropriate initial test to confirm the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus?

A) Fasting plasma glucose (FPG)
B) Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
C) Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
D) Random plasma glucose test

9. A patient with chronic kidney disease has been experiencing worsening fatigue and weakness. His laboratory results show a low hematocrit and low hemoglobin levels. What is the most likely cause of his symptoms?

A) Hypokalemia
B) Anemia of chronic disease
C) Hypercalcemia
D) Leukopenia

10. A patient presents with sudden-onset chest pain and an elevated troponin I level. What is the most likely cause of his symptoms?

A) Acute myocardial infarction
B) Pulmonary embolism
C) Costochondritis
D) Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

11. What is the most common cause of meningitis in a neonate?

A) Group B Streptococcus
B) Neisseria meningitidis
C) Escherichia coli
D) Streptococcus pneumoniae

12. A patient with cirrhosis presents with ascites, and his albumin level is 2.5 g/dL. What is the most likely cause of his ascites?

A) Hypoalbuminemia
B) Renal failure
C) Cardiac failure
D) Infection

13. A patient with a family history of sickle cell disease presents with pain in the joints and fever. What laboratory test would be most appropriate to confirm the diagnosis?

A) Complete blood count (CBC)
B) Hemoglobin electrophoresis
C) Serum ferritin level
D) Reticulocyte count

14. A 25-year-old male presents with abdominal pain and jaundice. His liver function tests show elevated AST and ALT, and his hepatitis panel is positive for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). What is the next step in the management of this patient?

A) Administer antivirals immediately
B) Perform a liver biopsy
C) Initiate hepatitis B vaccination
D) Start corticosteroids

15. A 40-year-old woman with a history of diabetes presents with blurry vision. Fundoscopy shows microaneurysms and cotton-wool spots in the retina. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A) Diabetic retinopathy
B) Hypertensive retinopathy
C) Retinal vein occlusion
D) Macular degeneration

16. A 60-year-old male with a history of smoking and alcohol use presents with hemoptysis, weight loss, and chronic cough. His chest X-ray shows a mass in the upper lobe of the left lung. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A) Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung
B) Pulmonary tuberculosis
C) Lung abscess
D) Chronic bronchitis

17. A patient undergoing hemodialysis presents with a platelet count of 50,000/mm³, a prolonged bleeding time, and normal PT and aPTT. What is the most likely cause of the thrombocytopenia?

A) Uremic platelet dysfunction
B) Disseminated intravascular coagulation
C) Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
D) Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

18. A patient has a positive urine pregnancy test and presents with severe abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. An ultrasound shows an empty uterus and a mass in the adnexal region. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A) Ectopic pregnancy
B) Ovarian cyst rupture
C) Molar pregnancy
D) Endometriosis

19. A patient with suspected sepsis has a blood culture result showing Gram-negative rods. What is the most appropriate initial antibiotic therapy for this patient?

A) Piperacillin-tazobactam
B) Vancomycin
C) Ceftriaxone
D) Clindamycin

20. A patient with a history of hypertension presents with a sudden onset of severe headache, vomiting, and confusion. His blood pressure is 200/120 mmHg. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A) Hypertensive encephalopathy
B) Subarachnoid hemorrhage
C) Meningitis
D) Stroke

21. A 50-year-old patient with a history of alcohol abuse presents with confusion, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A) Wernicke’s encephalopathy
B) Korsakoff syndrome
C) Alzheimer’s disease
D) Multiple sclerosis

22. A 35-year-old pregnant woman with a history of hypertension presents with persistent proteinuria and edema. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A) Chronic kidney disease
B) Pre-eclampsia
C) Gestational diabetes
D) Acute renal failure

23. A 25-year-old woman presents with dysuria and increased urinary frequency. A urine culture grows Escherichia coli. What is the most appropriate antibiotic therapy for this patient?

A) Nitrofurantoin
B) Ciprofloxacin
C) Amoxicillin
D) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

24. A 50-year-old male with a history of smoking presents with persistent cough and hemoptysis. His chest X-ray reveals a central mass in the right lung. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A) Non-small cell lung cancer
B) Pneumonia
C) Pulmonary tuberculosis
D) Chronic bronchitis

25. A patient is suspected of having a deep vein thrombosis (DVT). What is the most appropriate imaging study to confirm the diagnosis?

A) Duplex ultrasound
B) CT angiography
C) MRI
D) Chest X-ray

26. A 40-year-old woman presents with complaints of fatigue, weight gain, and constipation. Her TSH levels are elevated, and free T4 is low. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A) Hypothyroidism
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Graves' disease
D) Thyroid cancer

27. A patient undergoing chemotherapy presents with fever, chills, and neutropenia. What is the most appropriate initial management for this patient?

A) Broad-spectrum antibiotics
B) Antiviral therapy
C) Antifungal therapy
D) Bone marrow transplant

28. A 55-year-old male with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents with increased dyspnea, a productive cough, and wheezing. His oxygen saturation is 88% on room air. What is the most appropriate intervention?

A) Inhaled bronchodilators and steroids
B) Oral antibiotics and rest
C) Intubation and mechanical ventilation
D) Oxygen therapy alone

29. A 70-year-old female with a history of osteoporosis presents with severe back pain after lifting a heavy object. An X-ray reveals a compression fracture of the lumbar vertebrae. What is the most appropriate treatment for this patient?

A) Bisphosphonates
B) Spinal fusion surgery
C) Corticosteroid injection
D) Bed rest and analgesics

30. A 45-year-old patient with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with a blood pressure of 180/100 mmHg. His creatinine level is 2.5 mg/dL, and his urine protein is 1+ on dipstick. What is the most likely cause of his renal dysfunction?

A) Acute glomerulonephritis
B) Diabetic nephropathy
C) Hypertensive nephropathy
D) Chronic kidney disease due to obesity

Result

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