[ PHLE 3 ] PHARMACISTS LICENSURE EXAMINATION III

PHARMACISTS LICENSURE EXAMINATION Reviewer

Instructions:

Please answer each question to the best of your ability. Each question is multiple choice, and only one answer per question is correct. Select the most appropriate answer from the options provided.

When you have completed all questions, click the "Submit" button at the bottom of the page to see your score. Good luck!

1. Which functional group is present in all amino acids?

A) Carboxyl group
B) Aldehyde group
C) Ketone group
D) Phosphate group

2. What is the chemical formula of sodium thiosulfate?

A) Na₂S₂O₃
B) Na₂SO₃
C) NaSO₄
D) Na₂SO₄

3. In UV spectroscopy, a shift to a longer wavelength is called:

A) Hypsochromic shift
B) Bathochromic shift
C) Hyperchromic shift
D) Hypochromic shift

4. The antidote for cyanide poisoning is:

A) Naloxone
B) Hydroxocobalamin
C) Deferoxamine
D) Atropine

5. What is the pH of a 0.01 M HCl solution?

A) 2
B) 1
C) 3
D) 4

6. In gas chromatography, the mobile phase is a:

A) Liquid
B) Gas
C) Solid
D) Supercritical fluid

7. Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight?

A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin E
D) Vitamin K

8. Which of the following is classified as a strong electrolyte?

A) NaCl
B) CH₃COOH
C) NH₃
D) C₂H₅OH

9. A reducing sugar will give a positive result in which test?

A) Biuret test
B) Benedict’s test
C) Sudan III test
D) Seliwanoff’s test

10. What type of bond connects the phosphate group to the deoxyribose in DNA?

A) Phosphodiester bond
B) Peptide bond
C) Glycosidic bond
D) Disulfide bond

11. What is the common name for acetylsalicylic acid?

A) Paracetamol
B) Aspirin
C) Ibuprofen
D) Naproxen

12. Which reagent is used for the detection of alkaloids?

A) Benedict’s reagent
B) Dragendorff’s reagent
C) Tollens’ reagent
D) Biuret reagent

13. What is the principle of the Karl Fischer titration?

A) Redox reaction
B) Precipitation
C) Water determination
D) Complexometric analysis

14. Which agent is used to chelate heavy metals like lead?

A) Hydroxocobalamin
B) EDTA
C) N-acetylcysteine
D) Activated charcoal

15. The phenomenon where a solute moves from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration is called:

A) Osmosis
B) Diffusion
C) Filtration
D) Adsorption

16. What is the main buffer system of blood?

A) Phosphate buffer
B) Bicarbonate buffer
C) Protein buffer
D) Ammonia buffer

17. Which is NOT an aromatic hydrocarbon?

A) Benzene
B) Cyclohexane
C) Naphthalene
D) Toluene

18. The branch of chemistry concerned with quantities and proportions is:

A) Analytical chemistry
B) Organic chemistry
C) Physical chemistry
D) Biochemistry

19. The term "prodrug" refers to:

A) An active drug form
B) A toxic form of drug
C) An inactive precursor converted into active form
D) A drug that bypasses the liver

20. The osmotic pressure of a solution is directly proportional to its:

A) Molar mass
B) Molar concentration
C) Volume
D) Temperature

21. Which antibiotic inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis?

A) Erythromycin
B) Penicillin
C) Tetracycline
D) Chloramphenicol

22. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is used to calculate:

A) pH
B) Temperature
C) Pressure
D) Osmolarity

23. Which is a selective β1-blocker?

A) Propranolol
B) Atenolol
C) Labetalol
D) Carvedilol

24. What is the main storage form of glucose in animals?

A) Cellulose
B) Glycogen
C) Starch
D) Sucrose

25. The chemical name of Vitamin C is:

A) Ascorbic acid
B) Retinoic acid
C) Folic acid
D) Pantothenic acid

26. In IR spectroscopy, the carbonyl group (C=O) typically absorbs at:

A) 2200 cm⁻¹
B) 1700 cm⁻¹
C) 1500 cm⁻¹
D) 1000 cm⁻¹

27. Which type of chromatography uses a nonpolar stationary phase?

A) Reverse-phase chromatography
B) Normal-phase chromatography
C) Ion-exchange chromatography
D) Size-exclusion chromatography

28. Which of the following is a phase I metabolic reaction?

A) Conjugation
B) Hydrolysis
C) Glucuronidation
D) Sulfation

29. What is the ion product constant of water (Kw) at 25°C?

A) 1 x 10⁻¹⁰
B) 1 x 10⁻¹⁴
C) 1 x 10⁻¹²
D) 1 x 10⁻⁸

30. Which of the following is a basic amino acid?

A) Serine
B) Lysine
C) Alanine
D) Glycine

Result

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